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The Surma
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Origin of the Surma River:
Barak river originated from Mao Sangashanga in Manipur hill. Originated from Naga Manipur of Assam, it is divided into two branches at the border of Bangladesh, and it entered to Sylhet district flowing over Zakiganj, Kainaighat, Beanibazar, Sylhet Sadar and South Surma upazila. Its northern section flows over Bishwanath upazila and Chhatak upazila of Sunamganj district. Surma of North Sylhet, the southern branch of the Kushiyara river and the Kalni river of Sylhet combined near Azmiriganj. After flowing a bit further in the south, the combined flow of Surma and Kushiarara named Meghna. The Meghna has collapsed in the Bay of Bengal along with the old Bramhaputra in Bhairab Bazar and along with the Padma near Chandpur.

 

The Surma river trend:
Surma River is one of the main rivers of Bangladesh. This is part of Surma-Meghna river system. When entering into Bangladesh the Barak river of north-eastern India separated into the Surma and Kushiara river. Flowing over Sylhet, Sunamganj, Netrokona, Kishoreganj, it merges to the Meghna . If the river system of Bangladesh is divided into 4 parts, Surma is mixed with the river Meghna. These two rivers re-merge to the Meghna river near Bhairab Bazar in Kishoreganj district. And finally fall into the Bay of Bengal. Surma and Kushiara together again hold the name of Kalni. The Kali river then joins at Bhairab Bazar.

 

Surma river in history & tradition: 
Sylhet is an old township. When the vast part of Bangladesh was destroyed in the sea, then Sylhet was still civil society. Sylhet Bhati area was once a sea. But the population was high and mountainous. There were four thousand BC's advanced society in Sylhet. After the arrival of Hazrat Shahjalal (R :) in 1303 AD, this land became known as Shilhat, Jalalabad, or Sylhet. Sylhet is mentioned in different tantras. In the Tantra Sylhet is called Shreehatta, Sharihata, Shilhat, Shilhat. Besides, the name of the river named river of Sylhet is found in Hindu scriptures. According to the description of Rajmala, Manu was in the early part of the river Manu which used to worship Shiva on the banks of river Manu. There is a mention in Brahmakrir or a description of the Barak river in the holy thoughts of Barakkram or Barak. The 'Sharabati', described in the Amarakosha dictionary, is known as Surma of Sylhet. All these rivers were holy to the Hindu community.

 

Surma river of Sylhet in the description of various tourists: 
In the third century AD, Arab tourists crossed the Solomon Islands Chorawi, Persia Sea, Indian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. In his description, there are repeated references to the port of Chittagong and Sylhet port of Bengal. The mention of Silhate Port is also found in Arabic history. Morocco's last Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Batuta came to Sylhet 1346 for the Molakat with Hazrat Shahjalal (R :). He came to Sylhet in the waterway through the Nahr akrukrita. Arabic azrak means blue color. Noro Azerbaijan means the name of the Surma River (Suma). He marked Sylhet as Kamarupa.

 

Historical patterns on the banks of Surma: 
Ceiling of Chadnighat: There are old signals on the banks of the Surma on Sylhet in Sylhet. Sylhet people stormed the protest with the inclusion of Sylhet in Assam. To give them comfort, Barlat Lord Northbrook Sylhet was present. One court is underestimated. Beautiful stairs are constructed in the Surma River gorge to welcome the Baralat.

 

Ali Amjad's watch: Ali Amjad's clock tower is being painted beside Chandni Ghat and Kina bridge. Famous landlord Ali Amjad of Prithvi Memba was impressed to see Chaddinich, Delhi's Ghatigari installed in Shahjadi Jahanar. He also fulfilled the wish that he built a clock near the Chadni Ghat on the banks of the Surma River, following the clock in front of Chaddinich. Everyone who is known as 'Ali Amjad's watch'.

Kean Bridge: Kean Bridge is the entrance gate of Sylhet city. This bridge is standing on the Surma River. This bridge has its history. In the last decade of the last century, Michael Kean was the governor of Assam Province. He then came to Sylhet tour. The bridges are built to keep its memory unimaginable. It is known that at that time the train was the medium of communication with Assam. The railway station is also located in the Southern Surma. The reason for the need for establishment of a bridge in the Surma river is due to proper reasons. Railway Division took the initiative to set up a bridge on Surma River in 1933. In 1936 the bridge was opened inevitably. The bridge is named after the Governor Michael Kean. The bridge is made of iron. The shape of the bridge is like a bow. It's uper part is like a cage. The length of the bridge is 1150 feet. Width of 18 feet. The construction of the bridge at that time was about 56 lakh taka. During the War of Liberation in 1971, Pakistani occupation forces blew a part of the north side of the bridge with dynamite. After the independence, the crumbled part of wood and baylie parts were repaired and replaced by light traffic. A large number of tourists are flooded in the morning to see the bridge. People are excited about the beauty of the river Surma. Under the coalition government, finance minister M Saifur Rahman took the initiative to increase the beauty of Surma's beauty in the year 2005-06 fiscal year with a cost of Taka 572 million. The beauty of the city has come down to Surma after the retreat from the ruckus of the city. It can not be imagined if you do not see the beauty of this beautiful shore of Surma.
Besides, more bridges constructed on the Surma river include those of Shahjalal Bridge, Shahpuran Bridge, Tuker Bazar Bridge.
Surma river is like mother to the Citizen of Sylhet. Due to this river, the villages, villages, the township and the city port. Because of the rivers, this region has flourished in the industry. There are many small rivers of Surma. These tributaries and branches are flowing in different names in different places. The people of sylhet has no such initiative to save the tradition of the Surma. There is no mentionable step in the development of the beauty of the banks of the Surma River, but the beauty of the bridge has increased, but there is no remarkable steps to preserve the bank of the Surma river. Regarding the Surma River, ex-Sylhet city mayor Badar Uddin Ahmed Kamran said that the river is situated in the heart of Sylhet, there is a lot of circuits in the river bank, Jalalabad Park, Pir Habibur Rahman and many more. Various project is going on the north side of the river like the Thames River in London. 
Sylhet's culture and civilization has developed in Surma. The river is associated with the nature and life of Sylhet. Let the Surma exists forever in the existence of Sylhet. Poet Dilwar wrote:

সুরমা নদীর তীরে
আমার ঠিকানারে
বাবা শাহজালালের দেশ
সিলট ভূমিরে